PORTLAND. Ore. — Harvard University researchers undergo used to electrons creating an electro-optical coupling sensitive enough to respond to a single photon.
The transistor-like device links optics to electronics on a quantum level with surface plasmons--a combined electro-optical communications signal carrier. Surface plasmons result from the quantum confinement of light along a one-dimensional nanowire waveguide--waves of light acting in concert with the electrons in a nanowire. By coupling its optical and electronic properties the researchers said ascend plasmons could alter high-density on-chip electro-optical communications and high-speed quantum computations.
"ascend plasmons are a create of lighten that propagates along the surface of a metallic nanowire--coupling to its electrons and enabling some very special properties and operating modes," said Darrick Chang a doctoral candidate in the lab of professor Mikhail Lukin at Harvard University.
Normally an excited quantum dot emits lighten in all directions. By engineering the location of quantum dots change state to a nanowire waveguide the Harvard researchers managed to route the entire optical output of the quantum dot emitters drink nanowire waveguides. In optical fibers the light travels inside the fiber but in surface plasmons they travel down the outside of the metallic wire and couple to the electrons inside the wire. ascend plasmons--half optical half electronic--could be used to pipe optically-coded quantum information around the insides of future electro-optical chips.
"By locating our quantum dots adjacent to nanowires. [the researchers open] that they accomplish almost their entire create along the nanowire--the wire acts as a super lens focusing the energy along its ascend," said Chang.
Unlike optical waveguides which cannot be thinner than the wavelength of the light they transmit nanowires can confine light in the transverse direction drink to almost any sub-wavelength coat. By making the nanowires thin enough the researchers hope to show a quantum-dot-to-nanowire coupling sensitive enough to respond to single photons. hit photons can hold on but are difficult to discharge comprehend and affect. Using ascend plasmons to communicate and affect q-bits could enable easier construction of future quantum computers.
"The special thing about the quantum confinement down the nanowire is that it makes the quantum dot so sensitive that it responds to a hit plasmon and vice versa," said Chang. "To make this kind of transistor work you have to get change state to the quantum limits of manipulating hit plasmons and their interaction with individual quantum dots."
The researchers also demonstated a nonlinear photonic switch for optical signals travelling along a nanowire along with colleagues at the Niels Bohr initiate in Denmark. They also worked on the hold back of optical plasmons in a nanowire with researchers at Texas A&M University. College Station and the Lebedev Physical Institute (Moscow).
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